In this guide, you will learn how to troubleshoot and fix the Python error super() takes at least 1 argument (0 given). This error occurs when you're using the super() function in Python 2.x without passing the required arguments.
Table of Contents
Understanding the super() function
In Python, the super() function is used to call a method from a parent class. This is especially useful in scenarios involving multiple inheritance or when you need to override a method in a derived class.
In Python 3.x, the super() function can be called without any arguments, like this:
class A:
def method(self):
...
class B(A):
def method(self):
super().method()
...
In Python 2.x, however, the super() function requires two arguments: the class and the instance, like this:
class A(object):
def method(self):
...
class B(A):
def method(self):
super(B, self).method()
...
Why does the error occur?
The error super() takes at least 1 argument (0 given) occurs when you use the Python 3.x syntax for the super() function in Python 2.x. The Python 2.x interpreter expects you to provide the class and the instance as arguments.
Step-by-Step Solution
To fix this error, follow these steps:
- Check your Python version: First, make sure you are using Python 2.x. You can check your Python version by running the following command in your terminal:
python --version
- Update the super() function call: If you are using Python 2.x, update the
super()function call to include the required arguments. Here's an example:
class A(object):
def method(self):
...
class B(A):
def method(self):
super(B, self).method() # Provide the class and the instance
...
- Test your code: Run your code again to see if the error is resolved.
FAQ
1. Can I use the Python 3.x syntax for the super() function in Python 2.x?
No, you cannot use the Python 3.x syntax for the super() function in Python 2.x. The Python 2.x interpreter requires you to provide the class and the instance as arguments.
2. What is the difference between super() and self in Python?
super() is used to call a method from a parent class, while self is used to reference the current instance of a class.
3. Can I use the super() function with multiple inheritance?
Yes, the super() function can be used with multiple inheritance. It follows the method resolution order (MRO) to determine which parent class method to call.
4. How do I call a parent class constructor using the super() function?
To call a parent class constructor, use the super() function followed by the __init__() method, like this:
class A(object):
def __init__(self):
...
class B(A):
def __init__(self):
super(B, self).__init__()
...
5. Is it necessary to use the super() function in Python?
While it's not strictly necessary to use the super() function, it is considered a best practice in Python, especially when dealing with multiple inheritance or when overriding methods.